Written multiplication can be done step-by-step by setting out the calculation carefully and remembering to carry if necessary.

Example

Work out

78 × 7

Answer

Set out the calculation like this:

Then multiply the units together, so 8 × 7 = 56. 

Remember to carry the 5 tens below the next column.

Then multiply the tens, so 7 × 7 = 49 and add the 5 that was carried.

This gives us 49 + 5 = 54 going into the hundreds column.

So      78 × 7 = 546