Written multiplication can be done step-by-step by setting out the calculation carefully and remembering to carry numbers if necessary.

 

Example

Work out:

 

947 × 7

 

Answer

Rewrite the calculation vertically, like this:

 

Multiply the numbers in the ones column together, so 7 × 7 = 49. 

Write the 9 in the ones column and carry the 4 tens below to the doorstep of the tens column.

 

 

Next, multiply the numbers in the tens column together, so 4 × 7 = 28 and add the 4 tens that were on the doorstep.

 

 

This gives us 28 + 4 = 32 , so we write the 2 in the tens column and carry the 3 hundreds below on to the doorstep of the hundreds column.

 

 

Lastly, multiply the numbers in the hundreds column, so 9 × 7 = 63 and add the 3 that was on the doorstep.

This gives us 63 + 3 = 66 in the thousands.

 

 

So, in full, we have:

 

So      947 × 7 = 6,629

 

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